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چکیده
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This study presents a novel approach for optimizing critical failure surfaces (CFS) in homogeneous soil slopes by incorporating seepage and seismic effects through the Self-Adaptive Enhanced Vibrating Particle System (SA_EVPS) algorithm. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is employed to model fluid flow through porous media, while Bishop's simplified method calculates the Factor of Safety (FOS). Two benchmark problems validate the proposed approach, with results compared against traditional and meta-heuristic methods. The SA_EVPS algorithm demonstrates superior convergence and accuracy due to its self-adaptive parameter optimization mechanism. Visualizations from Abaqus and comprehensive statistical analyses highlight the algorithm's effectiveness in geotechnical engineering simulations and applications. The results show that SA_EVPS consistently achieves lower FOS values with smaller standard deviations compared to existing methods, indicating more accurate identification of critical failure surfaces.
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