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چکیده
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The mechanical behavior of advanced sandwich nanocomposite structures is of vital importance in the development of lightweight, high-performance components for aerospace, automotive, and marine applications. This chapter presents a comprehensive analytical study on the buckling and free vibration characteristics of rectangular sandwich plates composed of functionally graded porous cores and nanocomposite facesheets reinforced with either graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) or carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The governing equations are formulated using an advanced higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT) that accurately captures transverse shear effects without requiring shear correction factors. The effects of porosity distribution, nanoreinforcement type and dispersion pattern, thermal environment, elastic foundations, and nanofiller geometries are systematically investigated. Results reveal that increasing porosity or temperature decreases the overall stiffness and natural frequencies, while symmetric porosity distributions and Pasternak-type foundations significantly improve both buckling and vibrational performance. GNP-reinforced facesheets exhibit superior mechanical efficiency compared with CNT-reinforced ones, providing up to 8% higher critical buckling loads and 5% greater natural frequencies due to their planar morphology and enhanced interfacial bonding. Furthermore, increasing nanofiller content and optimizing dispersion patterns, such as the V–A configuration, enhances structural stability. Variations in filler geometry show that smaller CNT diameters and thinner GNPs considerably improve stiffness, whereas aspect ratio changes beyond moderate levels have negligible effects. The findings establish clear design guidelines for optimizing multi-functional sandwich nanocomposite plates and provide a validated analytical framework for future applications in advanced lightweight structural systems.
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